Nichola Coleman

Dr Nichola Coleman BSc PhD CChem FRSC FHEA

Senior Lecturer, Materials Chemistry

Dr Nichola Coleman graduated with a BSc Hons in applied chemistry and a PhD in inorganic cement chemistry from Aston University and has subsequently worked at the School of Pharmacy (University of London), Imperial College and the University of Sheffield.

Dr Coleman teaches inorganic and materials chemistry. Her principal research interest is the preparation of silicate clays, zeolites, cements, glasses and mixed-metal frameworks for use in construction, environmental and biomedical engineering.

Responsibilities within the university

Course participation

  • Inorganic Chemistry (Level 4)
  • Practical and Professional Skills (Level 4)
  • Intermediate Chemistry (Level 5)
  • Advanced Inorganic Materials Analysis (Level 6)
  • BSc Chemical Sciences Project – Research (Level 6)
  • Applied Inorganic Chemistry (Level 7)
  • Advanced Practical Techniques and Research Methodology (Level 7)
  • MChem Graduation Research Project – Research (Level 7)
  • Pharmaceutical and Formulation Science Research Project (Level 7)

Recognition

  • Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry (MRSC)
  • Chartered Chemist (CChem)

Research / Scholarly interests

Dr Coleman's principal research interest is the preparation of silicate clays, zeolites, cements, glasses and mixed-metal frameworks for use in construction, ion exchange, water purification and implantable biomedical materials. Her research has been supported by the Royal Society, EPSRC, Royal Society of Chemistry, Nuffield Foundation and SEEDA. She works in collaboration with other researchers in China, Macedonia, Turkey, France and Spain.

Expertise

Hydrothermal synthesis; sol-gel; hydraulic cements; antimicrobial/antibacterial bioactive materials; in vitro bioactivity; materials characterisation; textural analysis (nitrogen gas sorption, BET surface area, BJH pore size distribution, helium pycnometry); 29Si, 27Al and 31P solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR); infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); scanning electron microscopy (SEM); differential thermal analysis (DTA); thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); powder x-ray diffraction (XRD); sequential extraction and leach testing methods for trace metals in soils, marine sediments and waste materials; mineral recycling; ion-exchange and kinetic modelling.

Other

Patent

Bellantone, M., Coleman, N.J., and Hench, L.L. 2000. Formulation, bioactivity and antimicrobial properties of a tailored bioglass produced by the sol-gel process. Patent No. WO0076486.

Key funded projects

  • 2012: The Nuffield Foundation, London - ~£5 000
    Science Bursaries for Schools & Colleges
  • 2011: The Nuffield Foundation, London - ~£2 000
    Bioactive Composites for Tissue Regeneration
  • 2011: The Nuffield Foundation, London - ~£3 000
    Science Bursaries for Schools & Colleges
  • 2010: The Nuffield Foundation, London - ~£2 000
    Science Bursaries for Schools & Colleges
  • 2010: Royal Society, London - £2 000
    'Stem Power' (Partnership Grant)
  • 2010: Royal Society of Chemistry, London: £750
    Research Grant
  • 2009: University of Malta - £5 000
    Analytical Consultancy
  • 2008: Royal Society of Chemistry, London: £1,580
    Ag-, Zn- and Sr-Substituted Tobermorites
  • 2007: Royal Society, London: £8,670
    Bioactive Zirconium Silicate Framework Structures for Bone-Contact Applications
  • 2007: The Nuffield Foundation, London: £1,190
    A Novel Approach to Glass Recycling
  • 2007: Royal Society of Chemistry, London: £1,560
    Radiopaque Calcium Alumino(silicate) Cements for Dental and Orthopaedic Repair
  • 2006: Nirex Ltd., Oxfordshire: £9,700
    Inorganic Sorbent Phases
  • 2006: Royal Society of Chemistry, London: £600
    Zirconium Phosphates for Bone Tissue Regeneration: a Feasibility Study
  • 2005: South East Proof of Concept Fund (Finance South East Ltd): £8,700
    Layer-lattice Calcium Silicate Substrates for Bone Regeneration
  • 2000: EPSRC – Waste and Pollution Management Programme: £57,600
    Synthesis of Zeolites Grant number GR/N25800/01
  • 2000: Roger Bullivant Limited, Walton Road, Burton-on-Trent, DE15 9UA: £13,500
    Drakelow Contaminated Land Remediation Project.

Recent publications

Article

Arifi, Arif , Gjorgievska, Elizabeta S., Gavrilović, Irena, Coleman, Nichola , Vuletić, Marko , Gabrić, Dragana , Coleman, Nichola (2024), Comparison of three different orthodontic adhesives bonded to metallic and ceramic brackets: SEM and SEM/EDX analysis (in vitro study). University of Zagreb - School of Dental Medicine. In: , , , . University of Zagreb - School of Dental Medicine, Acta Stomatologica Croatica, 58 (1) . pp. 18-29 ISSN: 0001-7019 (Print), 1846-0410 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.15644/asc58/1/2).

Güçlü, Zeynep A. , Patat, Saban, Coleman, Nichola (2024), The impact of nano- and micro-silica on the setting time and microhardness of conventional glass–Ionomer cements. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Dentistry Journal, 12: 54 (3) . pp. 1-17 2304-6767 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12030054).

Hurt, Andrew , Coleman, Aimee, Ma, Haosen, Li, Qiu , Coleman, Nichola (2022), Calcium silicate hydrate cation-exchanger from paper recycling ash and waste container glass. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Ceramics, 5 (3) . pp. 301-317 2571-6131 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics5030024).

Trivedi, Trivedi , Ajiboye, Adejumoke Lara, Coleman, Nichola, Bhomia, Ruchir , Bascougnano, Marion (2022), Melting point depression of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock polymers in supercritical carbon dioxide in the presence of menthol as a solid co-plasticiser. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Polymers, 14: 2825 (14) 2073-4360 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142825).

Hurt, Andrew , Coleman, Aimee, Coleman, Nichola (2022), Interactions of Cr3+, Ni2+ and Sr2+ with crushed concrete fines. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Crystals, 12: 717 (5) 2073-4352 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12050717).

Rahman, Habib , Li, Qiu, Coleman, Nichola (2022), Waste glass-derived tobermorite carriers for Ag+ and Zn2+ Ions. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Journal of Composites Science, 6: 52 (2) 2504-477X (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs6020052).

Elmes, Victoria K. , Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. (2021), Mixed-phase ion-exchangers from waste amber container glass. MPDI. In: , , , . MPDI, Materials, 14: 4887 (7) ISSN: 1996-1944 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174887).

Gjorgievska, Elizabeta , Oh, Daniel S., Haam, Daewon, Gabric, Dragana , Coleman, Nichola J. (2021), Evaluation of efficiency of polymerization, surface roughness, porosity and adaptation of flowable and sculptable bulk fill composite resins. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Molecules, 26: 5202 (17) ISSN: 1420-3049 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175202).

Nicholson, John W. , Coleman, Nichola J., Sidhu, Sharanbir K. (2021), Kinetics of ion release from a conventional glass-ionomer cement. Springer Nature. In: , , , . Springer Nature, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 32 (30) ISSN: 0957-4530 (Print), 1573-4838 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-021-06501-1).

Elmes, Victoria K. and , Coleman, Nichola J. (2021), Interactions of Cd2+, Co2+ and MoO42- ions with crushed concrete fines. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Journal of Composites Science, 5: 42 (2) 2504-477X (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5020042).

Qiu, Li , Deacon, Andrew D., Coleman, Nichola (2020), Iodoform-blended portland cement for dentistry. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Prosthesis, 2 (4) . pp. 277-296 2673-1592 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis2040025).

Nandi, Uttom , Trivedi, Vivek, Douroumis, Dennis, Mendham, Andrew P. , Coleman, Nichola J. (2020), Layered Silicate-Alginate Composite Particles for the pH-Mediated Release of Theophylline. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Pharmaceuticals, 13: 182 (8) 1424-8247 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13080182).

Maisuria, Jenika , Elmes, Victoria K., Hurt, Andrew P, Coleman, Aimee A. , Coleman, Nichola Jayne (2020), Hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites from green container glass. Politechnice Wrocławskiej / Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. In: , , , . Politechnice Wrocławskiej / Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 56 (5) . pp. 784-796 ISSN: 1643-1049 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/125495).

Taylor, Jessica H. , Elmes, Victoria K., Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. (2020), Synthesis of feldspathoids and zeolite K-F from waste amber container glass. Elsevier. In: , , , . Elsevier, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 246: 122805 ISSN: 0254-0584 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.122805).

Gjorgievska, Elizabeta , Nicholson, John W, Gabric, Dragana, Guclu, Zeynep Alsi , Miletic, Ivana , Coleman, Nichola (2020), Assessment of the impact of the addition of nanoparticles on the properties of glass–ionomer cements. MPDI. In: , , , . MPDI, Materials, 13: 276 (2) ISSN: 1996-1944 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13020276).

Li, Qiu and , Coleman, Nichola (2019), Impact of Bi2O3 and ZrO2 radiopacifiers on the early hydration and C-S-H gel structure of white portland cement. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 10: 46 (4) ISSN: 2079-4983 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb10040046).

Paunovska, Mirjana L. , Coleman, Nichola J., Stevanovic, Marija M., Dimkov, Aleksandar G. , Gabric, Dragana , Gjorgievska, Elizabeta S. (2019), Effects of addition of quaternary ammonium antimicrobial compounds into root canal sealers. Thieme. In: , , , . Thieme, European Journal of Dentistry, 13 (2) . pp. 243-247 ISSN: 1305-7456 (Print), 1305-7464 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688524).

Li, Qiu , Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola (2019), The application of 29Si NMR spectroscopy to the analysis of calcium silicate-based cement using Biodentine™ as an example. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 10: 25 (2) ISSN: 2079-4983 (Print), 2079-4983 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb10020025).

Ruiz de Clavijo, Alejandra , Hurt, Andrew P., Kotha, Arun K., Coleman, Nichola (2019), Effect of calcium precursor on the bioactivity and biocompatibility of sol-gel-derived glasses. MDPI. In: , , , . MDPI, Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 10: 13 (1) ISSN: 2079-4983 (Print), 2079-4983 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb10010013).

Elmes, Victoria K. , Edgar, Benjamin J., Mendham, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. (2018), Basic metallosilicate catalysts from waste green container glass. Elsevier. In: , , , . Elsevier, Ceramics International, 44 (14) . pp. 17069-17073 ISSN: 0272-8842 (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.06.151).

Tüzüner, Tamer , Güçlü, Zeynep, Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. , Nicholson, John W. (2018), Release of antimicrobial compounds from a zinc oxide-chelate cement. Bluefield Centre for Biomaterials. In: , , , . Bluefield Centre for Biomaterials, Journal of Oral Science, 60 (1) . pp. 24-28 ISSN: 1343-4934 (Print), 1880-4926 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.16-0791).

Trivedi, Vivek , Nandi, Uttom, Maniruzzaman, Mohammed, Coleman, Nichola J. (2018), Intercalated theophylline-smectite hybrid for pH-mediated delivery. Springer US. In: , , , . Springer US, Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 8 (6) . pp. 1781-1789 ISSN: 2190-393X (Print), 2190-3948 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-018-0478-8).

Ozel, M. B , Tüzüner, T., Güçlü, Z. A., Coleman, N. J. , Hurt, A. P. , Buruk, C. K. (2018), The antibacterial activity and release of quaternary ammonium compounds in an orthodontic primer. AOL. In: , , , . AOL, Acta Odontologica Latinoamerica, 30 (3) . pp. 141-148 ISSN: 0326-4815 (Print), 1852-4834 (Online) (doi: ).

Güçlü, Zeynep , Hurt, Andrew Paul, Dönmez, Nazmiye, Coleman, Nichola Jayne (2017), Effect of Er:YAG laser enamel conditioning and moisture on the microleakage of a hydrophilic sealant. Springer Japan. In: , , , . Springer Japan, Odontology, 106 (3) . pp. 225-231 ISSN: 1618-1247 (Print), 1618-1255 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-017-0323-4).

Gjorgievska, Elizabeta S. , Nicholson, John W., Coleman, Nichola J., Booth, Samantha , Dimkov, Aleksandar , Hurt, Andrew P. (2017), Component release and mechanical properties of endodontic sealers following incorporation of antimicrobial agents. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. In: , , , . Hindawi Publishing Corporation, BioMed Research International, 2017: 2129807 ISSN: 2314-6133 (Print), 2314-6141 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2129807).

Blaskovic, Marko , Gabrić, Dragana, Coleman, Nichola, Slipper, Ian J. , Mladenov, Mitko , Gjorgievska, Elizabeta (2016), Bone healing following different types of osteotomy: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three-dimensional SEM analyses. Cambridge University Press. In: , , , . Cambridge University Press, Microscopy and Microanalysis, 22 (6) . pp. 1170-1178 ISSN: 1431-9276 (Print), 1435-8115 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927616011971).

Hurt, Andrew P. , Coleman, Nichola, Tuzuner, Tamer, Bagis, Bora , Korkmaz, Fatih Mehmet , Nicholson, John (2016), Release of cetyl pyridinium chloride from fatty acid chelate temporary dental cement. In: , , , . , Acta Biomaterialia Odontologica Scandinavica, 2 (1) . pp. 1-6 2333-7931 (Online) (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/23337931.2015.1125296).

Güçlü, Zeynep Asli , Dönmez, Nazmiye, Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola (2016), Characterisation and microleakage of a new hydrophilic fissure sealant – UltraSeal XT® hydro™. University of São Paulo. In: , , , . University of São Paulo, Journal of Applied Oral Science ISSN: 1678-7757 (Print), 1678-7765 (Online) (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720160010).

Güçlü, Zeynep Asli , Dönmez, Nazmiye, Tuzuner, Tamer, Odabaş, Mesut , Hurt, Andrew P. , Coleman, Nichola (2016), The impact of Er:YAG laser enamel conditioning on the microleakage of a new hydrophilic sealant — UltraSeal XT® hydro™. Springer London. In: , , , . Springer London, Lasers in Medical Science, 31 (4) . pp. 705-711 ISSN: 0268-8921 (Print), 1435-604X (Online) (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1878-y).

Bhomia, Ruchir , Trivedi, Vivek, Coleman, Nichola J., Mitchell, John C. (2016), The thermal and storage stability of bovine haemoglobin by ultra violet–visible and circular dichroism spectroscopies. Elsevier. In: , , , . Elsevier, Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6 (4) . pp. 242-248 ISSN: 2095-1779 (Print), 2214-0883 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2016.02.004).

Güçlü, Zeynep Aslı , Alaçam, Alev, Coleman, Nichola Jayne (2016), A 12-week assessment of the treatment of white spot lesions with CPP-ACP paste and/or fluoride varnish. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. In: , , , . Hindawi Publishing Corporation, BioMed Research International . pp. 1-9 ISSN: 2314-6133 (Print), 2314-6141 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8357621).

Conference item

Lorini, Sara , Elmes, Victoria, Coleman, Nichola (2019), Antimicrobial polymer-clay composite films. In: Materials and Nanomaterials - An International Conference, 17th - 19th Jul, 2019, Paris, France , . , (doi: https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/36966/2019-international-conference-on-materials-and-nanomaterials).

Rivett, Michael , Dimech, Christine, Coleman, Nichola (2019), Uptake of aqueous Cd2+, Co2+ and MoO42- by recycled concrete fines. In: Materials and Nanomaterials - An International Conference, 17 - 19 Jul 2019, Paris, France , . , (doi: https://mns-19.com/) NB Item availability restricted.

Sullivan, Megan , Elmes, Victoria, Coleman, Nichola (2019), Composite chitosan-bioactive glass membranes for direct pulp-capping. In: Materials and Nanomaterials - An International Conference, 17 - 19 Jul 2019, Paris, France , . , (doi: ).

Taylor, Jessica , Elmes, Victoria, Coleman, Nichola (2019), Synthesis and ion-exchange properties of waste glass-derived zeolites. In: Materials and Nanomaterials - An International Conference, 17th - 19th Jul, 2019, Paris, France , . , (doi: https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/36966/2019-international-conference-on-materials-and-nanomaterials).

Coleman, Aimee A. , Hardy, Benjamin J., Güçlü, Zeynep A., Coleman, Nichola J. (2018), Enamael Protection by Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste. In: UKSB 2018 Annual Meeting, 28th & 29th June 2018, University of Bath, UK , . , (doi: ).

Hardy, Benjamin J. , Coleman, Aimee A., Güçlü, Zeynep A., Coleman, Nichola J. (2018), Enamael remineralisation by Arginine-Calcium Carbonate toothpaste. In: UKSB 2018 Annual Meeting, 28th - 29th Jun, 2018, University of Bath, UK , . , (doi: ).

Heath, Ryan , Hooper, Gemma, Elmes, Victoria K., Coleman, Nichola J. (2018), Copper- and zinc-bearing composite membranes for periodontal repair. In: UKSB 2018 Annual Meeting, 28th & 29th June 2018, University of Bath, UK , . , (doi: ).

Hooper, Gemma , Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. (2018), Bioactivity and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-tobermorite membranes. In: UKSB 2018 Annual Meeting, 28th & 29th June 2018, University of Bath, UK , . , (doi: ).

Coleman, N. J. , Hurt, A. P., Elmes, V. K., Rivett, M. J. (2018), Waste-derived inosilicate carrier for antimicrobial Zn2+ and Ag+ ions. In: 4th International Conference on Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering, 23-25 July 2018, Madrid, Spain , . , (doi: ).

Elmes, V. K. , Maisuria, J., Coleman, N. (2018), Hydrothermal synthesis of catalytic zeolites from waste container glass. In: 4th International Conference on Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering, 23rd - 25th July 2018, Madrid, Spain , . , (doi: https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/30790/4th-international-conference-on-green-chemistry-and-sustainable-engineering).

Rivett, Michael , Elmes, V. K., Coleman, N. J. (2018), Tobermorite ion-exchanger from paper recycling ash and waste glass. In: 4th International Conference on Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering, 23-25 July 2018, Madrid, Spain , . , (doi: ).

Gjorgievska, Elizabeta , Oh, Daniel, Haam, Daewon, Coleman, Nichola (2017), Assessment of the performance of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites. In: CED-IADR/NOF Oral Health Research Congress, 21st - 23rd September, 2017, Vienna, Austria , . , . pp. 1-1 (doi: ).

Dumitru, Ioana A. , Elmes, Victoria K., Hurt, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. (2017), Composite membranes for guided periodontal tissue regeneration. In: UK Society for Biomaterials 2017, 20th & 21st June 2017, Loughborough University , . , . pp. 1-1 (doi: https://www.uksb.org.uk/uksb2017).

Elmes, Victoria K. , Mendham, Andrew P., Coleman, Nichola J. (2017), Hydrothermal synthesis of basic catalysts from waste container glass. In: 13th International Conference on Materials Chemistry (MC13), 10th - 13th July 2017, Liverpool , . , . pp. 1-1 (doi: http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/21273/13th%20International%20Conference%20on%20Materials%20Chemistry%20(MC13)).

Conference proceedings

Tota-Maharaj, Kiran and , Coleman, Nichola (2017), Developing novel photocatalytic cementitious permeable pavements for depollution of contaminants and impurities in urban cities. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VGUT) Press. In: 10th International Conference on Environmental Engineering, 27–28 April 2017, Vilnius, Lithuania , Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Environmental Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VGUT) Press, Vilnius, Lithuania . pp. 1-9 2029-7092 (Online) (doi: https://doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.053).

Coleman, Nichola Jayne , Hanarasinghe, Rajitha, Güçlü, Zeynep Aslı, Booth, Samantha Ellen (2017), In vitro bioactivity and setting times of white portland cement combined with different radio pacifying agents. MATEC Web of Conferences. In: , , In: Z. Chen, T. Pasang, K.T. Lau, M. Zhu (eds.), 2017 2nd International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology (ICMSNT 2017). MATEC Web of Conferences, , 109 (3003) (Ch. 3) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710903003).

Coleman, Nichola Jayne and , Li, Qiu (2017), The impact of iodoform on the hydration, bioactivity and antimicrobial properties of White Portland Cement. MATEC Web of Conferences. In: , , In: Z. Chen, T. Pasang, K. T. Lau, M. Zhu (eds.), 2017 2nd International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology (ICMSNT 2017). MATEC Web of Conferences, , 109 (4002) (Ch. 4) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710904002).

Elmes, Victoria Katherine , Mendham, Andrew Paul, Coleman, Nichola Jayne (2017), A waste-derived lithium metasilicate basic catalyst. MATEC Web of Conferences. In: , , In: Z. Chen, T. Pasang, K. T. Lau, M. Zhu (eds.), 2017 2nd International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology (ICMSNT 2017). MATEC Web of Conferences, , 109 (3004) (Ch. 3) (doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710903004).

Guclu, Z. A. , Gjorgievska, E. S., Coleman, N. J. (2017), An in vitro comparison of the enamel remineralisation potential of bioactive glass, hydroxyapatite and CPP-ACP. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics. In: , , , Acta Physica Polonica A. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, , 131 (3) . pp. 571-575 ISSN: 1898-794X (Print), (doi: https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.131.571).